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The Fisheries of Batanes

Batanes is the country’s northernmost and smallest province. Composed of eight islands, it has a land area of 20,928 hectares, marine waters of 4,500 square kilometers, and a population of about 17,000. The main economic activities of its people, called Ivatans, are agriculture and fishing.

In a 2010 survey conducted by the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources in Region 2 headed by Dr. Jovita Ayson, it was reported that the marine waters of Batanes are rich in pelagic (surface-dwelling), demersal (bottom-dwelling), and coral reef-residing fishes and invertebrates.

The major pelagic fishes are the flying fish locally known as “dibang,” dolphinfish (arayo), and needlefish (hahay). The demersal fishes include moray eels, porgies, bigeyes, sharks, and stingrays. The surgeonfish, tang, jack, pompano, sea bass, grouper, and snapper are among the reef fishes. There are also swimming mollusks like squid, cuttlefish, and octopus caught along with lobsters.

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Pangasius Baked With Love Wins

A group of five culinary students from the Pililla campus of the University of Rizal System romped away with the first prize in the Culinary Clash that was a highlight of the Pangasius Festival organized by the Department of Trade and Industry in Rizal province.
The cooking competition with the use of Pangasius as main ingredient was participated in by 11 groups from different schools in the province of Rizal.
The festival is part of an advocacy launched by the DTI office in Rizal to promote the production and con-sumption of Pangasius, a fast-growing freshwater fish that is imported in big volumes from Vietnam. In local restaurants, the Pangasius usually comes in fillet form and is popularly called Cream Dory fish.
Mercedes Parreño, the Rizal DTI chief, said that Pangasius culture could become a major project in Rizal because there are highly suitable bodies of water for the production of this fish. It can be grown where the tilapia is being cultured. The advantage is that it is much faster-growing than tilapia.
The only problem is that not many Filipinos, especially in the countryside, are familiar with the prepara-tion of this fish. That is one reason why the cooking contest was held to showcase different ways of preparing Pangasius.
And there are really many ways of preparing the Pangasius for the table. One can cook the fish in a number of the popular recipes such as Sinigang sa Miso or with coconut milk. One unusual concoction at the festival was a Pangasius ice cream cake complete with chocolate flavor.
Then there was the Pangasius Sisig which could easily become a favorite “pulutan” of beer drinkers. The preparation in the contest came complete with a dressing.
An innovative preparation was the grilled Pangasius in Binarutak na Balaw-balaw. A dish of Pangasius in coconut cream also rated high among the judges.
There were two categories in the competition. One was the use of fresh Pangasius while the other was the use of Pangasius fillet. The prize-winning dish in the second category was prepared by culinary students from URS Cardona. They called their masterpiece Pangasius in pie shell.
Then there was the baked whole Pangasius with orange and roasted bell pepper sauce served with baked potatoes and anchovies. Another was buttered Pangasius with tomato sauce.
A novel preparation was Pangasius relleno that is contained in halved tomato fruits and ampalaya. There was also a steamed Pangasius in Alibangbang sauce. Another group came up with Cream Dory curry dish. Then another group entered a dish they called Nevermore Pangasius in Lemon Sauce. Still, another came up with fillet in orange sauce.
It appears there is no end in coming up with novel ways of preparing the Pangasius for the table.
Some 200 attendees from different parts of the region attended the festival. These included farmers, local government officials, members of the academe, restaurant owners, traders and others.
Dr. Jayson Canson, son of the founder of St. Martha Farm that produces a lot of Pangasius fingerlings shared his family’s experiences in developing their farm. First they started with contract breeding in poultry as their major business. Then in 2009, Mrs. Mercy Parreño, the head of the Rizal DTI office, told them about the potentials of the production of Pangasius fingerlings as well as the grow out operation of the same.
Gen. Jewel Canson readily saw the good potential of the business so he bought a lot of breeders and sent his men to train at the National Inland Fisheries Technology Center in Tanay. Within a short time, they were able to produce their fingerlings. Today, the hatchery can produce one million fingerlings a month.
Soon, the farm went into the processing of Pangasius with Mrs. Cecile Canson taking on the job. Today she is producing a lot of value-added Pangasius products. These include different kinds of sausages that include native longganisa style, nuggets, fish cake, fish patties, bottled Pangasius fillet in corn oil and in tomato sauce, etc.
Developing the Pangasius industry still has a long way to go. There are about 10 hatcheries in operation in the country while processors number about seven, according to the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources. With the sustained promotion of the fish, however, it is hoped that it will become a full-scale industry.

A group of five culinary students from the Pililla campus of the University of Rizal System romped away with the first prize in the Culinary Clash that was a highlight of the Pangasius Festival organized by the Department of Trade and Industry in Rizal province.

The cooking competition with the use of Pangasius as main ingredient was participated in by 11 groups from different schools in the province of Rizal.

The festival is part of an advocacy launched by the DTI office in Rizal to promote the production and con-sumption of Pangasius, a fast-growing freshwater fish that is imported in big volumes from Vietnam. In local restaurants, the Pangasius usually comes in fillet form and is popularly called Cream Dory fish.

Mercedes Parreño, the Rizal DTI chief, said that Pangasius culture could become a major project in Rizal because there are highly suitable bodies of water for the production of this fish. It can be grown where the tilapia is being cultured. The advantage is that it is much faster-growing than tilapia.

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BFAR Promotes Sustainable Fish Farming

The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) is reaffirming its commit to promote sustainable fish farming throughout the country.

As part of this commitment, it will be holding seminars, live fish display and other interactive activities at the Agrilink 2010 which will be held on October 7 to 9 at the World Trade Center Metro Manila, Pasay City.

This year’s team of Agrilink is “Good Agricultural Practices: Key to Competitiveness..” The event will bring together local and international suppliers and exhibitors, highlighting the latest technologies and inputs that will improve sustainability of the interconnected industries of food, agriculture and aqualcuture.

BFAR’s intensified activities in promoting fish production is brought about by a steadily increasing demand for fish and aquaculture products, both for the local market and export destinations like the United States, Japan and the European Union.

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There’s Money in Raising Seabass

It’s easy to grow, delicious and has a growing demand in restaurants.

There are several fish species named seabass, including the Black sea bass and White sea bass (which are found along the coast of the United States). Giant sea bass is a native to the northern Pacific Ocean. Chilean sea bass is the marketing term for the Patagonian toothfish.

In the Philippines, when people talk of sea bass, they are referring to barramundi. A freshwater fish species, it is found in tropical and semitropical regions ranging from the Persian Gulf to China, and found as far south as Australia, as well as north to India. In Australia, barramundi is both wild-caught and farmed for export to the global market as a table fish, and some recreational fishermen enjoy the pursuit of barramundi as well.

Barramundi (scientific name: Lates calcarifer) is broadly referred to as Asian seabass by the international scientific community, although it is also known as giant perch, giant seaperch, Australian seabass, and by a variety of names in other local languages, such as ikan siakap in Malay and pla krapong in Thai. Among Filipinos, it is called by several names: apahap, bulgan, kakap, salongsong, katuyot, and matang pusa.

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Culture of Natural Food For The Larval Rearing Of Freshwater Fishes

The culture of natural food for the hatchery of marine fishes is well established. The protocol for the culture of phytoplankton like Chaetoceros and Skeletonema for the larval rearing of tiger and white shrimps and the culture of the rotifer as first food for most marine fishes – like milkfish, seabass, snappers, groupers, and siganids – have been an integral part of their hatchery operations. Feeding the newly hatched shrimps and fish larvae with these natural food has been shown to be the only method necessary to achieve good survival rates of shrimp postlarvae and fish fry.

It cannot be said however, that the same is true for freshwater fishes. At present, no commercial freshwater fish hatchery in the country cultures natural food. The reason perhaps is because tilapia, the most popular cultured freshwater fish in the Philippines, can be successfully larval reared using commercial fry feed due to the big size of its hatchlings. On the other hand, other fishes like carps, aquarium fishes and even catfishes are stocked directly to nursery ponds a few days after hatching. With this method, it is considered fortunate to have recovery rates of 20 percent because on the average, only about 5 percent can be achieved.

Despite the breakthrough in the induced spawning technology, the lack of proper larval rearing techniques could be the main reason why the freshwater aqua-culture industry, including the freshwater aquarium fish industry in the Philippines, has lagged behind.

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Big Money for Fisherfolk in Mariculture

Three times weekly, Panabo City comes alive as early as 2 a.m. when container loads of fresh bangus are whisked into the loading area, promptly sorted out according to size, iced, and then loaded onto vans for delivery to the market.

By 8 a.m. the total haul would have reached five to six tons, and 30,000 fingerlings would have also been unloaded and seeded into fish cages offshore to be grown to market size again in four months for the next harvest time.

This bustling activity is now a regular scene on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays at the shoreline of the 1,075-hectare Panabo Mariculture Park in Panabo City, Davao del Norte.

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Update On Tilapia Sex Reversal

Tilapia Sex Reversal, the technology for producing all-male tilapia, has revolutionized the fanning of the fish world wide.

The technology which is regarded as a milestone in global aquaculture is widely applied in the Philippines and other countries like Israel, Thailand, and the United States. More than 50 percent of the Nile tilapia produced in ponds and cages in the Philippines have been sex-reversed.

The technology is based on the theory that the development of the sex organ (testis for male and ovary for female) in the fish can be artificially influenced by feeding of a synthetic sex hormone (methyltestosterone for male and estrone for female) during the “sexless period” of the young. Hormonal or induced sex reversal was first demonstrated in the 1950s by T. K-O. Yamamoto of Japan in the medaka, an aquarium fish.

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Phytoplankton : Combination of Cost Reduction and Productivity Enhancement Technology Possible

“The natural food present in ponds produced through fertilization is enough to sustain needs of the fishes during the early stage of culture period

After its separate introduction of 45-days delayed feeding and polyculture technologies in various parts of Cagayan Valley, the fisheries bureau in the region has shown that both can be combined following successful result of its demo project here. The demo project was established in the fish farm of Marcia! Balmores in Barangay Catarawan this town.

Following recommended stocking rate on polyculture, the 1,520 square meter fishpond owned Balmores was stocked with 6,080 pieces size 22 tilapia (80%), and 380 common carp (5%) March 20 this year. The 1,14o pieces hito fingerlings were stocked two months later, or exactly halfway in the culture period to avoid possible predation.

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Fisheries On-Air Waves In Cagayan

The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Region 2 (BFAR 2) in Tuguegarao City and the Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development (PCAMRD) of the DOST in collaboration with the Santeh Feeds Corporation, a private company, have conducted the graduation ceremony for the Fisheries School-on-the-Air (FSA)-Mudcrab Culture at the Cagayan State University, Gonzaga, Cagayan on October 16, 2009.

According to Dr. Dalisay Fernandez, Chief Science Research Specialist of the Research Information Utilization Division of the Los Banos-based PCAMRD-DOST, the FSA is a free educational program designed to promote fisheries technologies in strategic areas in the Philippines. This is a relatively new extension methodology and an innovative approach that allows fisherfolk to learn new technologies without leaving their place of work. FSA is a series of canned radio programs covering topics on the culture of tilapia, mudcrab, pomfret, grouper, seabass, and Pacific white shrimp; andon coastal resource management, among others.

The FSA lessons take the form of a drama series, not compared to the drama programs that are popular among rural folks, to have greater appeal to intended audience. The recorded lecture from experts and a simple quiz are then included at the end of the drama segment to complete one learning session. The program takes about 20 to 25 minutes. The FSA mudcrab module consisting of 14 sessions was for two.

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Earn Extra Cash Through Fish Processing

Marine fish are usually plentiful during summer, so it’s best for fisherfolk to take advantage of this seasonal rise in marine production to earn extra cash.

One good business is fish processing. There are, for instance, abundant tulingan, chabita, dilis, alamang, espada, dalagang bukid, galunggong, flying fish, and dorado in the market, and these can be made into value-added products.

The Rural Improvement Club of Barangay Centro in the town of Sta. Ana, Cagayan, is doing this already. The group processes cheap fish like parrot fish or mulmol and shark into longganisa, lumpiang shanghai and nuggets, and markets these at their Barangay Bagsakan Center, which happens to have been adjudged as the Best Bagsakan Center for 2009.

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Mangrove Snapper For Fabulous Eating

Locally called banagan, mangrove snappers rank right up at the top of the list for sweet, white, flaky meat.

Mangrove forests occupy the area of the coastal zone between the mean sea level and extreme high water of spring tides. They thrive in sheltered tidal flats, coves, bays, and river estuaries. Usually, they are associated with thick stands of medium-sized and even aged trees, nipa palms and other herbaceous plants.

Mangroves are very important to marine life, according to the Laguna-based Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development (PCAMRD). They serve as sanctuaries and feeding grounds for fish that nibble on detritus (fallen and decaying leaves) trapped in the vegetation, and on the bark and leaves of living trees.

A study done by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) showed that mangrove forests are home to 68 species of fish, 54 species of crustaceans, and 56 species of gastropods.

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Is It The End For Ludong?

There was a time here in Ilocos Sur when the freshwater fish called Ludong was considered as an ordinary fish. Anytime of the day, ludong was caught by fishermen either by their hook and line or fishnets. In the afternoon, fish vendors would be shouting “Ludong, Ludong” just like how they market their tilapia nowadays. Ludong is a kind of fish found in Cagayan River and its tributaries and also in Abra River in the province of Abra that flows up to the towns of Santa, Bantay and Caoayan in Ilocos Sur province. Ludong is called Lobed River Mullet in English and Centraeus plicatilis in science. It resembles milk-fish (bangus) but with lesser fishbone. Its meat is white and fatty when cooked.

But because of the continuous illegal fishing, illegal logging and pollution from the wastes coming from the mining companies, slowly, the water of the rivers that serve as their habitat became dirty. Maybe that is the main reason for the possible extinction of the said fish. Based on the record of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Regional Field Office I, Ludong was last caught in the town of Caoayan, in 2004. That means, it is already five years since a Ludong appeared in Abra River on the part of Ilocos Sur. Other kinds of fishes which also became rare include Pigok (Tapiroid grunter), Lumitog (Bluespot Grey Mullet), different kinds of Gobi (locally known as Palileng, Birot, Bunog and Bukto) and other endemic fishes which were plentiful here before.

Based also on BFAR, RFO I records, a kilo of Ludong in Ilocos Sur now costs P2,000 while it is already a whooping P4,500 in Cagayan. A kilo of Pigok costs P600 in Ilocos Sur; P800 in Misamis Oriental; P1,500 in CARAGA while there are no more stocks in Region 12. In Abra, a kilo of Gobi can be bought at farmgate price of P550-P600. The state of Ludong and other fishes is really alarming that it is possible that the next generation will no longer taste these delicious fishes and will only see them in pictures if extinct because of the unstoppable pollution and destruction of their habitat.
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Rice-Fish Integration Is Profitable

Rice farmers can earn extra money by doing fish-farming in their ricefields.

Instead of fishing in rivers, they may opt to convert the lower portion of their ricefields into fishponds like what a farmer in Alicia, Isabela did.

Roberto Navarro of Barangay Paddad does this so-called rice-fish technology by the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR). He says that profit from his 1,700 square meter tilapia fishpond that used to be a mud pit is equivalent to an income from a 7,000 sq. m. rice land.

That’s because the stocks of this rice-fish technology demonstration cooperator of the BFAR Region II have reached 4 to 3 pieces a kilo. In fact some have weighed even half a kilo. At an average harvest weight of 250 grams, potential production is 1,806.25 kilos. This is worth a net income of P74,232 at A farmgate price of P70 per kilo.

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Our Fisheries And Climate Change

The Philippine fisheries industry consists of the marine fishing, inland fishing and aquaculture sub-sectors. Marine fishing is the catching or harvesting of seawater fishes, invertebrates, and plants of economic importance like the galunggong, halaan, and Sargassum. Inland fishing, on one hand, is the. exploitation of aquatic plants and animals in brackishwater and freshwater areas like rivers, lakes, and Other wetlands. Aquaculture, on the other hand, is the culture or farming of marine brackishwater and freshwater species like the milkfish, tilapia, oysters, and seaweeds.

Our fisheries provide livelihood and income directly to more than a million fisherfolk and fishfarmers, and indirectly to millions of other people. With a contribution of about 5 percent to the country’s gross domestic product, fish and other fishery products supply the bulk of the animal protein in the diet of our more than 90 million population.

The excessive accumulation of carbon dioxide and other so-called “greenhouse gases” in the atmosphere mainly from industrial and agricultural activities has markedly increased the average temperature of the earth’s surface. Such a phenomenon has resulted in global warming or climate change that has brought about extreme climatic events as prolonged droughts (El Ninos), devastating typhoons, and catastrophic floods in many regions of the world including our country.

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BFAR Region 2 Typhoon Rehab Allocates 5.8 Million Fingerlings

The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Regional Office No. 2 has started the provision of rehabilitation assistance for fisherfolk in Cagayan Valley affected by the recent super typhoon ‘Pepeng.’

As outlined in its rehab plan, the bureau will provide a total of 5.8 million fingerlings for some 2,787 fish farmers affected by the calamity.

BFAR Region 2 Disaster Action Officer and Assistant Regional Director Severina Bueno said that the fisheries agency had already served municipalities that have submitted their master list of affected fisherfolk. The ARD is calling on the rest of the municipalities to submit said document as soon as possible as it serves as basis and reference in releasing assistance.

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