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Archive for Corn/Maize

What to Know During Corn Ear Formation

With the harvest period nearing and with the very attractive grain prices, it’s pay-off time for the hard work and the correct decisions made in the early going. Actually, farmers are use to declaring “tumama” by the time the ears are showing from the green, healthy-looking plants. Of course, harvesting is still several weeks away but there’s something the way these crops would show their potential yield. In fact, veteran farmers or agronomist can do an estimate right away.

Since we’re done with the first 60 days, more or less, of your corn plant, we’ll now discuss the stages immediately after flowering and some of the important factors that may interfere with it. Assuming that everything went right ;n the early stages, I would say that the postflowering phase is a lot easier to manage. As the kernels become mature with time, the reduction in yield from potential stresses becomes lower.

WHAT HAPPENS DURING THE POST-FLOWERING PERIOD?
The stages following pollination is when kernel development is rapidly occurring. Dry matter accumulation or seed-filling is the top priority for the plant. Nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are being relocated from the vegetative to the reproductive parts. Moisture content of kernels is around 85% at the blister stage and will continue to decline until maturity where it is expected to be at the 3035% level depending on the hybrid and environment.

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LSU Dryer For Corn

In areas where corn is being produced in a large-scale, the regional offices of the Department of Agriculture are promoting the dryer developed by agricultural engineers of the Leyte State University (LSU) in Baybay, Leyte.

According to Ferdinand Matro, regional corn coordinator for the Ilocos Region, the LSU dryer has the following features:
1. Saves more than 50 percent in drying cost using biomass fuel, specifically rice husk and corn cobs.
2. Has a simple design and is made of locally available materials.
3. Its knock-down design facilitates fast installation in one day.
4. Fits inside a standard 6-meter warehouse.
5. There’s no need for excavation or any other modification in the place where it would be installed.

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The Off-Season Crop : Understanding the Risks

It is said that planting during off season is like committing suicide. For any crop or corn for that matter, not following the regular planting calendar spells a variety of should-be problems. The list includes insect pests, drought, diseases, and rodents. On top of these, drying and storage are potential problems that can be brought about by rains and poor weather. Palay and corn need thorough drying and if one does not have drying equipment, significant losses from poor grain quality can be incurred.

On the other hand, many corn farmers in Luzon and Mindanao find off-season cropping more of an opportunity. Prices of grains during the off season are normally higher than the rest of the year since harvest does not synchronize with the majority of standing crops. Some say they do not want their farms idle so they plant another crop just before the regular rice season (in Central Luzon) and earn additional income. Yield may be lower in some instances but most of the time, the grain price in the off-season can compensate for the reduced output. But getting additional cash from a two-cropping-a-year farm venture is what attracts them the most.

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Never Plant F2 Stacked Corn

Corn farmers in Mindanao, especially those who have been planting stacked corn, know very well how costly this genetically modified corn is. Stacked corn is hybrid corn that already contains the genes for resistance to Asiatic corn borer and readiness for glyphosate herbicide application. This was made possible through genetic engineering.

The Asiatic corn borer is a dreaded insect pest that could render huge losses to farmers. On the other hand, readiness for glyphosate herbicide application enables farmers to apply the herbicide on their corn fields to kill weeds without worrying about burning their crop.

Two multinational companies sell seeds of stacked corn - Monsanto and Pioneer.

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North Cotabato Farmers Go for New Corn Hybrid

One thing is sure to happen when farmers are highly satisfied with an innovation or practice - they cling to it and others follow. This is exactly what happened in North Cotabato. Early users continued to plant Bioseed 9909 because of its high yield and other commendable characteristics, and other farmers simply just had to plant to increase their income.

One of those farmers is Jaime Sillador of Brgy. Kibudtungan, Carmen, 39, who has already planted Bioseed 9909 for the third season after trying it in 2 hectares (ha) in the first season. “It was just to find out whether it is really good, but I got hooked to it,” Jaime said when we attended a harvest festival in his farm last season.

He was greatly surprised with his yield even as Bioseed 9909 is the first Bioseed variety introduced in his barangay. He harvested 140 bags of corn in cobs per hectare. When it was finally shelled and dried, he got 6,048 kilograms (kg) per hectare (ha) or a total of 12,096 kg of shelled corn. At P10.20 a kilo, his gross income was P123,379.

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Corn Lodging Problems Are Not Just Caused by the Weather

Back when I was based in Luzon as a corn agronomist, the first thing that comes to mind when I hear typhoons crossing the northern part is the potential destruction it can bring to many corn areas along with other crops- in the form of floods and crop lodging.

The latter is a very big problem in both low-lying and elevated areas, while the former can only happen along river banks and soils with poor drainage. Flooding is another story, by the way, since no corn can survive under water. Even in the absence of typhoons, strong rains and high winds in some parts of Mindanao can also topple corn plants and lead to serious yield losses. Whirlwinds oftentimes have been reported in the south. Although they’re not as strong as typhoons, the force they bring is enough to cause lodging among taller corn plants and with mature ears.

Scenarios like these happen each season and year, and it is easy to blame the weather. But is this always correct? Yes, high winds can cause stalks to break and roots to give in but more often than not, these problems can only be a confirmation of the stress conditions the corn plants have undergone. Pagdapa in Luzon and hapay in the south can tell us a lot of things other than the hybrid’s genetic defect for poor standability. This article will try to deal with stalk problems in corn and how to deal with it.

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Ex-tuba Gatherer Makes Big in Cornmilling and Farming

Despite the lack of education, a former tuba gatherer in Misamis Oriental and his wife have made it big in cornmilling and in corn farming.

From 1958 to 1967, 66-year-old Ponciano “Cian” Nob worked as a tuba gatherer and earned P2 for every can of tuba he gathered. He usually gathered two cans of tuba a day and, hence, earned P4 a day or a total of P120 a month. Although it was not big, his income enabled him to provide the basic needs of a growing family.

Sensing that tuba gathering would not be able to provide well for his children, Cian put up a sari-sari store along the highway in El Salvador with an initial capital of P300 in 1967. While his wife, Hipolita, attended to the store, he later engaged in hog and cattle buying. He went around the neighboring towns like Naawan, Manticao and Lugait and brought the animals to Cagayan de Oro City using a service jeep.
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Corn : The Early Bird Advantage

We have tackled on planting corn in the off-season and the risks and benefits associated with it. But you may ask, how about planting early or ahead of the regular season? Plenty, of growers have this belief that it is good to be an early bird. Planting early can mean better environment, lesser pest infestation, better crops and better yields. Oftentimes, nothing can beat a corn crop planted ahead of ‘the regular season and farmers would rather opt for early planting than doing it in the off-season.

Farmers in Mindanao took advantage of the early rains in February and planted right away when the weather permitted. Last year, some corn farmers from Luzon planted as early as September and October for the dry season. Why not? A large percentage of our corn areas are rainfed and planting ahead is an insurance of avoiding losses due to drought in the later part of the season. Grain prices are likewise very encouraging, staying for most part of the year above P 10/kg.
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Meet the Lady Behind the Cornhusk Industry

She finished a course in foreign service but she has been more involved in agriculture, touching the lives of farmers and their families. She is Rue R. Ramas of General Santos City; a lady of many talents. She has trained in organic farming, vegetable production, fashion illustration, community development, judo and many more. But she is better known as owner and manager of Seed World, a company that specializes in producing hybrid corn seeds.

Being in the corn seed business, it is understandable that making high-value products out of the lowly cornhusk has been her passion in the past five years. She is the president of the Cornhusk Association of the Philippines (CHAP) which boasts active membership all over Mindanao and as far as La Union and other parts of Luzon.
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Former Rural Bank Cashier Succeeds with Bioseed Corn

Frustration could lead one to success if one stops feeling sorry for oneself. This is what happened to a former rural bank cashier in Manolo Fortich, Bukidnon who resigned from his job to do his own brand of farming because the management did not heed his suggestion in their lending operation.

That former rural bank cashier is 56year-old Bonifacio “Boni” Alombro, a commerce graduate with specialization in banking and finance.

In the late `70s, he suggested to the officials of the bank where he was the cashier that the farmers who were getting production loans may very well be trained on the new corn production technology to ensure that they would be able to pay their loans. This was because he noticed that farmers’ yields then were shrinking due to their traditional practices and, hence, they had difficulty paying back their loans. The bank would suffer in the end if the farmers could not pay back their loans, he asserted.
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